摘要:长牡蛎和福建牡蛎分别是我国北方和南方沿海重要的养殖贝类。为比较分析二者的动态生长情况，实验基于动态能量收支理论 (DEB)，以连续监测的水温和叶绿素a浓度为强制因子，通过现场实验、模型调试和文献查阅等方式获取模型参数，利用Python 2.7软件分别构建了桑沟湾长牡蛎、深沪湾福建牡蛎的个体生长模型，并以两种牡蛎的实测生长数据进行验证。结果显示：①所构建的DEB模型能够较好地模拟长牡蛎、福建牡蛎的个体生长情况 (壳高、软组织湿重等)，模拟值与实测值之间相关性显著；②长牡蛎和福建牡蛎的温度耐受上限 (TH)、温度耐受下限 (TL)、半饱和常数 (FH) 等参数存在差异，这可能与不同海域的理化环境、食物组成及牡蛎的选择性摄食有关；③在模拟周期内，受温度和食物的双重限制，长牡蛎冬季生长缓慢，而福建牡蛎处于持续增长状态，期间主要受到食物的限制。本研究结果可为后续生态系统模型构建和牡蛎养殖容量评估提供基础数据。
Abstract:Pacific oyster, Crassostrea gigas and Fujian oyster, C. angulata are economically important shellfish in the northern and southern parts of China. In order to analyze the dynamic growth of the two oysters, individual growth models of the C. gigas and C. angulata in the mariculture area of Sanggou Bay and Shenhu Bay were constructed, based on Dynamic Energy Budget (DEB) theory. In this model, seawater temperature and the concentration of Chl. a were used as forcing variables, and the parameters were estimated from field measurements, model calibration and published data. The sets of data used to validate the model came from two long-term growth experiments performed on C. gigas and C. angulata. Results showed that: ① the DEB model developed here displayed good growth simulations and a significant correlation between the simulated and the observed values; ② parameters of upper boundary of tolerance range (TH), lower boundary of tolerance range (TL) and half-saturation constant for food (FH) in the two oysters were different probably because of the different physicochemical environment, diet composition and the selective ingestion; ③ C. gigas showed slow-growing in winter (limited by water temperature and food), while C. angulata tended to be continuous-growing (mainly limited by food) during the simulated period. These results will provide a scientific basis for the subsequent development of ecological models and the assessment of oysters’ carrying capacity.